What Is A Programming Language
A programming language is a formal set of rules and instructions that enables humans to communicate with computers. It serves as a medium to write programs that tell computers what to do.
Now, let's understand how programming languages work.
Element 1: Syntax
Every programming language has its own syntax, which is like a grammar or set of rules that defines how the code should be written. Syntax includes keywords, punctuation, and specific structures that must be followed for the code to be valid.
Element 2: Variables and Data
Programming languages allow you to work with different types of data, such as numbers, text, and more. Variables are used to store and manipulate this data during program execution.
Element 3: Control Flow
Control flow statements, such as if-else, loops, and switch statements, give you the power to control the flow of execution in your program. These statements enable you to make decisions, repeat actions, and create complex logic.
Element 4: Functions and Libraries
Functions are blocks of reusable code that perform specific tasks. They help break down complex programs into smaller, manageable parts. Additionally, programming languages provide libraries—collections of pre-written code—that simplify common tasks and enhance functionality.
Programming languages come in various forms, each with its own purpose and area of application.
Language 1: High-level Programming Languages
High-level languages, like Python, Java, and C++, are designed to be closer to human language, making them more readable and easier to understand. They provide abstraction from the machine's low-level details.
Language 2: Low-level Programming Languages
Low-level languages, such as Assembly and machine code, are closer to the machine's native instructions. They offer more control over hardware resources but are less user-friendly and more challenging to write and understand.
Language 3: Scripting Languages
Scripting languages, like JavaScript and Ruby, are typically used for automating tasks, creating web applications, and enhancing the functionality of existing software.
Programming languages are the backbone of software development. They bridge the gap between human understanding and the complex workings of computers. Learning a programming language opens up a world of possibilities and empowers you to bring your ideas to life through code.
High level programming languages are the ones that are mainly used by software Engineers around the world to develop a program and will be our focus area. If you can code in one language, you can code in any language with very little training because the underlying principles remain same. Most commonly used Programming Languages are Java, C++, Python and C#. You can choose to code in any one of them or any other High Level programming language you are aware of. You can do your own research to decide in which language you want to code. Each one has its own pros and cons. We will be using Java as the base for explaining the concepts but the same concepts can be implemented in other languages as well.